Water Density
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SCIENCE CONCEPT
Density is the quantity of mass per unit volume. If a volume has no density then it would have no mass, in other words the volume has no matter. Density is an important concept because it allows us to determine what substances will float and which substances will sink when placed into a liquid. Density also helps us determine how compact the mass in a substance is. The formula for density is d=m/v
(density equals mass divided by volume). |
APPLICATION
Density affects many parts of everyday life. Such as how clouds float at different altitudes, why an object floats or sinks in water, and how gases move in earth's atmosphere. You can also see density pipe design, shipbuilding, helium balloons, weight distribution in airplanes and the fact that ice floats on water instead of sinks. Without density we would have no mass. Thus, we would not exist as matter. Which can be further explained in science concept.
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CAREER
Density is a fundamental concept of science used in various careers. Here are some examples of Careers that apply the science of density in their everyday work. A Material scientist studies properties and behavior of different materials, such as performing tests on their density, to develop new materials. Civil engineers use density calculations when designing structures. Environmental scientists measure the density of air, water, and soil to monitor pollution. Oceanographers use density to study ocean currents, water masses, and the behavior of marine organisms.
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SCIENTIST
In 1789 a scientist named Henry Cavendish reported his famous calculation of earth’s density. Henry Cavendish was known for his great accuracy in the measurements of atmospheric air, the properties of different gases, the synthesis of water, the law governing electrical attraction and repulsion, a mechanical theory of heat, and calculations of the density of Earth. His most famous work being the experiment to weigh the earth which was called the Cavendish experiment.
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ESSAY
My Science Experiment
My Science experiment is about water densities. In this experiment I used two mason jars filled with water of two separate temperatures. One with really hot water that is about one hundred five degrees and the other with really cold water about thirty-three degrees. The waters are both two different colors too, so that they may be identifiable.
To understand and demonstrate how density is affected by temperature, the two mason jars were filled with the two separate temperatures of water. The cold water mason jar was placed above the hot water mason jar. When the two water temperatures collided, the cold water sank to the bottom and the hot rose into the cold. As the waters rose and fell they collided and combined and created purple water because the hot was red and the cold water was blue.
When molecules are heated, they become energized and bounce against each other allowing for more space. Thus creating a lighter density. When molecules are cold they are denser and stick closer together. That is why the cold water sank and the hot water rose, because the different densities caused the water to be two different weights. With the hot being lighter than the cold.
When I first began this experiment, I did not use any mason jars, instead I heated and cooled two different cups of water and attempted to combine them in a bowl of water. This first test (as I call it in my video) was a fail. I thought that if I just put the two temperatures in a bowl the water would stay separate enough for me to record it. Instead the water immediately mixed to where you couldn’t see the density differences. I also didn’t know that no matter what you do to the water, it will always mix. This is because temperature differences only change the density of the water slightly heavier or lighter.
So, after learning this, I did some research and came up with a better way to do this experiment. The reason it is easier to use mason jars of two different water colors is because you can see the waters combining and how they combine.
When I began to do this experiment, I had a couple failed attempts when I first tried this new way. In order to flip the cold water mason jar and place it above your hot water mason jar, you need to seal the cold water in the jar until you are ready to watch the waters combine. Once you are ready to watch the experiment you need to “unseal” your cold water so your experiment can begin. When I first tried this, the instructions for this experiment explained that I needed to use an index card to seal the cold water jar. When I tried to flip the jar the water did not seal and ran right out making my first attempt of the experiment a fail. Next I asked my dad for help. He suggested I use a plastic bag to seal the water. So, for our second attempt of the experiment, my dad sealed the water in the jar and flipped the cold water jar so that it rested on top of the hot water jar. Then, while he held the two jars in place, I removed the plastic bag to allow the water to combine. Therefore, the experiment was successful and was videoed by my mom successfully too.
What I learned from this experiment is that the water will mix in order to “equilibrate” the cold water will sink into the hot water and cool the temperature of the water as a whole. I also learned that water, when heated, the water molecules bounce against each other and create more space for a lighter density. I also learned that things within the water such as salt or other soluble substances can increase the density of the water you put them in. Even though I did not use salt in my experiment I learned, through research, that you can use salt and put it in your water to change the density. I don’t know if it would have a drastic effect on the water density or just a slight effect like the temperature but, if that is something to try just for future reference.
My favorite part of this experiment was learning about density and temperature effects on certain substances. I also really appreciated my dad and mom helping me with my experiment. I’ll give them credit, without them this experiment would not have been done correctly. For next year, I hope I can learn more about density and maybe do another experiment about this awesome science field.
My Science experiment is about water densities. In this experiment I used two mason jars filled with water of two separate temperatures. One with really hot water that is about one hundred five degrees and the other with really cold water about thirty-three degrees. The waters are both two different colors too, so that they may be identifiable.
To understand and demonstrate how density is affected by temperature, the two mason jars were filled with the two separate temperatures of water. The cold water mason jar was placed above the hot water mason jar. When the two water temperatures collided, the cold water sank to the bottom and the hot rose into the cold. As the waters rose and fell they collided and combined and created purple water because the hot was red and the cold water was blue.
When molecules are heated, they become energized and bounce against each other allowing for more space. Thus creating a lighter density. When molecules are cold they are denser and stick closer together. That is why the cold water sank and the hot water rose, because the different densities caused the water to be two different weights. With the hot being lighter than the cold.
When I first began this experiment, I did not use any mason jars, instead I heated and cooled two different cups of water and attempted to combine them in a bowl of water. This first test (as I call it in my video) was a fail. I thought that if I just put the two temperatures in a bowl the water would stay separate enough for me to record it. Instead the water immediately mixed to where you couldn’t see the density differences. I also didn’t know that no matter what you do to the water, it will always mix. This is because temperature differences only change the density of the water slightly heavier or lighter.
So, after learning this, I did some research and came up with a better way to do this experiment. The reason it is easier to use mason jars of two different water colors is because you can see the waters combining and how they combine.
When I began to do this experiment, I had a couple failed attempts when I first tried this new way. In order to flip the cold water mason jar and place it above your hot water mason jar, you need to seal the cold water in the jar until you are ready to watch the waters combine. Once you are ready to watch the experiment you need to “unseal” your cold water so your experiment can begin. When I first tried this, the instructions for this experiment explained that I needed to use an index card to seal the cold water jar. When I tried to flip the jar the water did not seal and ran right out making my first attempt of the experiment a fail. Next I asked my dad for help. He suggested I use a plastic bag to seal the water. So, for our second attempt of the experiment, my dad sealed the water in the jar and flipped the cold water jar so that it rested on top of the hot water jar. Then, while he held the two jars in place, I removed the plastic bag to allow the water to combine. Therefore, the experiment was successful and was videoed by my mom successfully too.
What I learned from this experiment is that the water will mix in order to “equilibrate” the cold water will sink into the hot water and cool the temperature of the water as a whole. I also learned that water, when heated, the water molecules bounce against each other and create more space for a lighter density. I also learned that things within the water such as salt or other soluble substances can increase the density of the water you put them in. Even though I did not use salt in my experiment I learned, through research, that you can use salt and put it in your water to change the density. I don’t know if it would have a drastic effect on the water density or just a slight effect like the temperature but, if that is something to try just for future reference.
My favorite part of this experiment was learning about density and temperature effects on certain substances. I also really appreciated my dad and mom helping me with my experiment. I’ll give them credit, without them this experiment would not have been done correctly. For next year, I hope I can learn more about density and maybe do another experiment about this awesome science field.
