Which Liquid Melts Faster (ice)?
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Background Paper
The topic I chose for my project is what makes ice melt fastest? Experiment. This experiment is in the science field of chemistry. Chemistry is the scientific exploration of matter and its properties, and its transformation. Chemistry is often called central science because it overlaps and bridges with other scientific disciplines like biology, physics, and geology. The field of chemistry has multiple branches such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry. Chemistry is really important. It influences our lives daily even when we don't realize. There are also a lot of careers that have to do with chemistry like a science writer, analytical chemist, medical chemist, toxicologist, food technologist, and many more careers to choose from. Did you know you are using chemistry when we cook, it's in the medicine we take, and it's even used to protect our planet. It impacts everything in our daily lives. Without chemistry we wouldn't get very far because it is essential to our everyday lives.
The way this experiment works is that you first decide what liquids you're using for this procedure. You can use all kinds of different liquids for this. For example, liquids with carbonation, like soda or sparkling water. Or an acidic liquid like vinegar, citrus fruit juices or even energy drinks. Or a neutral liquid like water. Depending on the number of ice cubes you're planning on using, pick a liquid for each ice cube. You can also experiment in other ways by adding sugar or salt to each ice cube. Or you can experiment with the temperature. After you figure out everything you're going to do you can. Start setting up for your experiment. Make sure what you put the ice cubes in is the same size so it's a fair measurement. After you put each ice cube in its own container, pour your liquids in and instantly set your stop watch. And watch the ice cubes as they slowly
melt, make sure you're taking pictures and documenting what you're doing so you know how it's changing and remember to be patient because this process could take a while. Finally, when one
is done melting, stop your stop watch and write the time down on a piece of paper, and write down what liquid made the ice melt the fastest. If you want you can keep waiting and see the one that melts next but that's totally up to you. You could also do it multiple times to see if it comes out different. You can also switch up the way you do it by using different ingredients next or adding something or taking something away. And that is how you do it. I hope you learn a lot and have fun doing it.
You will need for this experiment ice, multiple liquids to choose from (at least three) and equally sized containers. If you are planning on adding something like salt or sugar to the ice make sure you have that as well.
Now, let me tell you how I am planning on doing this experiment. The liquids I'm using are vinegar, Dr. Pepper, and salt water. I am going to get three equally sized red SOLO cups and pour each liquid in a cup. Then I am going to drop each ice cube in at the same time and instantly start my start a stop watch. As the experiment is happening I am going to observe and take pictures. When I am done I am going to log all the details down on a piece of paper.
I have different theories on what could win. I think vinegar could win because it is an acidic liquid so it could break down the ice the fastest. Or maybe the Dr. pepper because it has lots of carbonation. However I don't think the plain water will win because it is what ice naturally is so it probably won't affect it in an extra way than eventually dissolving it. Or the salt water could win because it may lower the freezing point of the ice. Out of all of these, the one that I think is most likely to happen is the vinegar because it is really acidic, and I also just have a really good feeling about it.
The way this experiment works is that you first decide what liquids you're using for this procedure. You can use all kinds of different liquids for this. For example, liquids with carbonation, like soda or sparkling water. Or an acidic liquid like vinegar, citrus fruit juices or even energy drinks. Or a neutral liquid like water. Depending on the number of ice cubes you're planning on using, pick a liquid for each ice cube. You can also experiment in other ways by adding sugar or salt to each ice cube. Or you can experiment with the temperature. After you figure out everything you're going to do you can. Start setting up for your experiment. Make sure what you put the ice cubes in is the same size so it's a fair measurement. After you put each ice cube in its own container, pour your liquids in and instantly set your stop watch. And watch the ice cubes as they slowly
melt, make sure you're taking pictures and documenting what you're doing so you know how it's changing and remember to be patient because this process could take a while. Finally, when one
is done melting, stop your stop watch and write the time down on a piece of paper, and write down what liquid made the ice melt the fastest. If you want you can keep waiting and see the one that melts next but that's totally up to you. You could also do it multiple times to see if it comes out different. You can also switch up the way you do it by using different ingredients next or adding something or taking something away. And that is how you do it. I hope you learn a lot and have fun doing it.
You will need for this experiment ice, multiple liquids to choose from (at least three) and equally sized containers. If you are planning on adding something like salt or sugar to the ice make sure you have that as well.
Now, let me tell you how I am planning on doing this experiment. The liquids I'm using are vinegar, Dr. Pepper, and salt water. I am going to get three equally sized red SOLO cups and pour each liquid in a cup. Then I am going to drop each ice cube in at the same time and instantly start my start a stop watch. As the experiment is happening I am going to observe and take pictures. When I am done I am going to log all the details down on a piece of paper.
I have different theories on what could win. I think vinegar could win because it is an acidic liquid so it could break down the ice the fastest. Or maybe the Dr. pepper because it has lots of carbonation. However I don't think the plain water will win because it is what ice naturally is so it probably won't affect it in an extra way than eventually dissolving it. Or the salt water could win because it may lower the freezing point of the ice. Out of all of these, the one that I think is most likely to happen is the vinegar because it is really acidic, and I also just have a really good feeling about it.
Investigation Paper
The experiment I'm going to be doing is which liquid melts ice the fastest. Before I'm going to do anything I'm going to make a hypothesis. My hypothesis is that vinegar will make the ice melt the fastest because it is acidic. I also have some other theories of what could happen. maybe Dr. Pepper because it has lots of carbonation. Or the salt water could win because it may lower the freezing point of the ice.
You will need for this experiment ice, multiple liquids to choose from (at least three) and equally sized containers. If you are planning on adding something like salt or sugar to the ice make sure you have that as well. The way the experiment works.
(step1) I decided what liquids I'm using for this procedure. You can use all kinds of different liquids for this. For example, liquids with carbonation, like soda or sparkling water. Or an acidic liquid like vinegar, citrus fruit juices or even energy drinks. Or a neutral liquid like water. What I finally decided on using was salt water dr. pepper and vinegar
(step2) Then I decided how many ice cubes I was going to use. I decided that I would use three. You can also experiment in other ways by adding sugar or salt to each ice cube. Or you can experiment with the temperature by heating the liquids up or putting them in the fridge. I decided not to do that but that's just a suggestion.
(step 3) After I figured out everything I was going to do I started setting up for the experiment. I made sure to put the ice cubes the same size cup so it's a fair measurement. I decided to use equally sized red solo cups.
(step 4) but first I put the liquids in and I used dr. pepper water, salt,vinegar ice cubes, red solo cups, measuring spoons and a normal spoon. After I filled up each cup with the different liquids I double checked that the ice cubes are equal then instantly dropped the ice cubes in and set my stop watch. And watched the ice cubes as they slowly melted. (step 6) I made sure I was taking pictures and documenting what I was doing so I know how it's changing and remembered to be patient because this process could take a while.
(step 7) Finally, when one is done melting, I stoped my stop watch and wrote the time down on a piece of paper. I wrote down what liquid made the ice melt the fastest. And the time
as the experiment was happening I observed and took pictures. If you want you can keep waiting and see the one that melts next but that's totally up to you. You could also do it multiple times to see if it comes out different. You can also switch up the way you do it by using different ingredients next or adding something or taking something away. And that is how you do it. I hope you learn a lot and have fun doing it.
I ended up doing the experiment four times. I was originally going to do the experiment three times but I had to do it four because each of the three times one of them won. By the fourth time I had run out of dr. pepper. So I did it with salt water and vinegar.
(experiment times and winners)
(round1) the winner of round one was dr. peper
(round2) salt water won
(round3) vinegar won
(round 4 vinegar one
You will need for this experiment ice, multiple liquids to choose from (at least three) and equally sized containers. If you are planning on adding something like salt or sugar to the ice make sure you have that as well. The way the experiment works.
(step1) I decided what liquids I'm using for this procedure. You can use all kinds of different liquids for this. For example, liquids with carbonation, like soda or sparkling water. Or an acidic liquid like vinegar, citrus fruit juices or even energy drinks. Or a neutral liquid like water. What I finally decided on using was salt water dr. pepper and vinegar
(step2) Then I decided how many ice cubes I was going to use. I decided that I would use three. You can also experiment in other ways by adding sugar or salt to each ice cube. Or you can experiment with the temperature by heating the liquids up or putting them in the fridge. I decided not to do that but that's just a suggestion.
(step 3) After I figured out everything I was going to do I started setting up for the experiment. I made sure to put the ice cubes the same size cup so it's a fair measurement. I decided to use equally sized red solo cups.
(step 4) but first I put the liquids in and I used dr. pepper water, salt,vinegar ice cubes, red solo cups, measuring spoons and a normal spoon. After I filled up each cup with the different liquids I double checked that the ice cubes are equal then instantly dropped the ice cubes in and set my stop watch. And watched the ice cubes as they slowly melted. (step 6) I made sure I was taking pictures and documenting what I was doing so I know how it's changing and remembered to be patient because this process could take a while.
(step 7) Finally, when one is done melting, I stoped my stop watch and wrote the time down on a piece of paper. I wrote down what liquid made the ice melt the fastest. And the time
as the experiment was happening I observed and took pictures. If you want you can keep waiting and see the one that melts next but that's totally up to you. You could also do it multiple times to see if it comes out different. You can also switch up the way you do it by using different ingredients next or adding something or taking something away. And that is how you do it. I hope you learn a lot and have fun doing it.
I ended up doing the experiment four times. I was originally going to do the experiment three times but I had to do it four because each of the three times one of them won. By the fourth time I had run out of dr. pepper. So I did it with salt water and vinegar.
(experiment times and winners)
(round1) the winner of round one was dr. peper
(round2) salt water won
(round3) vinegar won
(round 4 vinegar one
Conclusion
So in conclusion, what I did was that I dipped iron all-threads in water, 91% alcohol, and Dawn dish soap, while leaving the last one out in the open air. The setting was indoors, at 74 degrees Fahrenheit (or 23 degrees celsius rounding to the nearest whole number). Next, I took pictures of them and officially started the experiment, which was that I would do the previous steps, and every morning, I would take pictures of them. Along with writing down what their condition was based on visual analysis.
Also, I repeated the experiment three times at once. So, this is what happened: First, on day one (the morning after the setup) I noticed that the water evaporated on the water one, but there was no rust. On day two, I noticed the tiniest bit of rust on the water and alcohol all-threads, but none on the others.
On day three, there were no changes except for the alcohol spreading a little more. Along with the rust only appearing in the groves. Although on day four, I noticed some damage along the edges/threads, which was just small cracks on the surface. Also, the rust on the alcohol spread a little more, along with the rust on the water all-thread.
Afterwards, on day five, the rust significantly spread on the alcohol all-thread. While the rust on the water all-thread only spread a tiny bit more. Although, there was still no rust on the control and Dawn all-threads.
Finally, on day six, there was minor increased damage (which was barely noticeable). I also noticed that the rust on the alcohol all-thread spread again, though not that much. Along with there being the tiniest bit of rust on the Dawn all-thread (Ps. the ones that I’m showing are the ones from after my experiment finished, but they moved around so I lost which ones go where, so they are unreliable now). Oh, also, there was one thing I forgot to mention earlier. That thing was that all the liquids evaporated from days two or three.
Overall what I got out of this was that alcohol greatly increases the speed of rust. Along with water. So I hypothesize that most if not all acids will increase the speed of rust once the liquid comes off of the metal and oxygen can seep through the gaps in the protective coating caused by the acid. Also, surprisingly the Dawn actually removed the protective coating, though at a lesser rate because it’s alkaline (as I thought that it’d slow down the oxidization).
Along with that I learned not to get metal wet/ soaked if it isn’t made to handle it, because doing that can cause rust to appear faster. I also used my investigation papers, though when writing them I mixed up the control and water at times, and I made a couple tiny mistakes causing me to think there was more rust than there was, though that didn’t impact my results. I just corrected them here.
Also, I repeated the experiment three times at once. So, this is what happened: First, on day one (the morning after the setup) I noticed that the water evaporated on the water one, but there was no rust. On day two, I noticed the tiniest bit of rust on the water and alcohol all-threads, but none on the others.
On day three, there were no changes except for the alcohol spreading a little more. Along with the rust only appearing in the groves. Although on day four, I noticed some damage along the edges/threads, which was just small cracks on the surface. Also, the rust on the alcohol spread a little more, along with the rust on the water all-thread.
Afterwards, on day five, the rust significantly spread on the alcohol all-thread. While the rust on the water all-thread only spread a tiny bit more. Although, there was still no rust on the control and Dawn all-threads.
Finally, on day six, there was minor increased damage (which was barely noticeable). I also noticed that the rust on the alcohol all-thread spread again, though not that much. Along with there being the tiniest bit of rust on the Dawn all-thread (Ps. the ones that I’m showing are the ones from after my experiment finished, but they moved around so I lost which ones go where, so they are unreliable now). Oh, also, there was one thing I forgot to mention earlier. That thing was that all the liquids evaporated from days two or three.
Overall what I got out of this was that alcohol greatly increases the speed of rust. Along with water. So I hypothesize that most if not all acids will increase the speed of rust once the liquid comes off of the metal and oxygen can seep through the gaps in the protective coating caused by the acid. Also, surprisingly the Dawn actually removed the protective coating, though at a lesser rate because it’s alkaline (as I thought that it’d slow down the oxidization).
Along with that I learned not to get metal wet/ soaked if it isn’t made to handle it, because doing that can cause rust to appear faster. I also used my investigation papers, though when writing them I mixed up the control and water at times, and I made a couple tiny mistakes causing me to think there was more rust than there was, though that didn’t impact my results. I just corrected them here.
