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Measuring PPM with a Water Filter

Science Concept & Application
You should know how to use a water tester for the sake of yourself and your family. This is even more important if you need to drink such water. At least attempt to filter your water if it is necessary to drink public tap water; maybe even boil it if necessary. In my experiment there were still more than an acceptable amount of heavy metals in the tap water. 
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We should not use tap water or any unfiltered water. As they may include many heavy metals which are bad for various body functions. We should obviously not give any such thing to our children either.


We should be very vigilant about fluoride, as though it's just as bad as the heavy metals. It's allowed in our water. Fluoride causes lower IQ and damage to systems just as harsh as any other listed toxic metal. Fluoride is banned in many other countries, but in America we allow it even in our toothpaste.

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Career
A career in this field consists of water filtration management and water filtration maintenance and can help greatly with other jobs such as a marine biologist and an aquarist. The job description is of very complicated and detailed work. This includes water testing for multiple and many categories. This includes testing for pH, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), salinity, electric conductivity, temperature, H2, ORP (Oxidation-reduction potential), S.G. (specific gravity), and nutrient solution concentration.

​These measurements are taken to ensure safe water for animals, humans, and plants as well. To have an imbalance or large quantity of TDS is most likely an indication of heavy metals in the water and probably not safe to drink. The reason this is important for the general population is that heavy metals are considered carcinogenic and toxic for consumption in large amounts. The most popular way to avoid heavy water is water bottles, as they have strict limits on how much is allowed in their water.


Scientist
Robert Thom is one of the most famous scientists in the history of water filtration systems. He was a Scottish man from Ayrshire, Scotland, and attended Anderson Institution in the evening almost every day. He became a hydraulic engineer and built the water supply system to Greenock. His most famous invention was the slow sand filter.The slow sand filter worked because of a naturally occurring barrier of fungi, bacteria, and protozoa. The device successfully removed about 99% of all bacteria from the water, very simply using no electronics or chemicals. He then put this into commercial and private use, selling them and installing them into houses and multiple water supplies in cities.

Essay
This essay will be over the fundamentals of water filtration and water safety. It's vitally important that we manage our water properly, as many outbreaks of diseases were caused by unfiltered plague-inducing bacteria. The most vital tool for assessing your water experiment is the water testing kit. Now, this kit can either be a dry kit or an electronic kit. I would recommend the electronic kit, as it has more than one use, and they are much more accurate than the standard dry test kit.

The test kit will be looking for multiple things depending on the type of kit you purchased, including
pH scale, TDS, temperature, H2, ORP, S.G., EC, salinity, and MΩ. You probably haven't seen a lot of the things we will be testing for, as most people are ignorant of what's in their water. TDS is total dissolved solids and is often one of the most important measures of your water, used to look for heavy metals such as lead and arsenic. PH scale is the testing water for how basic or acidic your water is, and some people say high alkaline levels are good for you, but you should generally keep your water around 7-8 on the PH scale.


H2 is the amount of hydrogen in the water.
Some people believe that H2 in water is beneficial, but research is still ongoing and unclear as of now. ORP is the oxidation-reduction potential of the water, and negative results in your water are good, as they keep you healthy. Reports say that positive ORP reports on your water can literally age you. S.G. is Specific gravity is comparing the water you're testing to pure water and should give a report near 1.000. As the basis for specific gravity is water, they should therefore be equal, the same, and equivalent.


EC is the electrical conductivity of water
and is also the testing for impurities, but EC is usually testing for chemicals in the water. These all combine to make a water tester, as these are all vital to making sure the water we’re using is safe and clean for humans, animals, and plants.

The reason any of this is even mildly important is because of the health standards, and though there are a lot more safety standards than other also important issues. Though we should not use straight tap or limit it as much as possible when drinking, as it has many issues with heavy metals and other contaminants. These contaminants include lead, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and zinc.


Lead
affects the body in multiple ways, including damage to the brain and kidneys, while also interfering with red blood cell production. Arsenic can cause cancer and skin lesions with long-term exposure. Nickel can cause lung fibrosis, kidney and cardiovascular disease, as well as cancer in the respiratory system. Cadmium can cause low bone density and a disruption in bone composition. Mercury can cause damage to the kidneys, the gastrointestinal tract, and the nervous system. Chromium can damage both the liver and kidneys. Zinc can cause anemia.


You may be wondering why I just stated all of that and also might be saying, What does that have to do with me? Well, if you didn’t already know, all of that can be found in your local water supply, along with your tap being contaminated with these too. Obviously some areas are better than others at filtering your drinking water, but all fail to arguably purify it enough to drink. You probably have heard of a place called
Flint, Michigan, and yes, this is an extreme case, but their water is so contaminated with lead that more than 40% of Flint, Michigan's residents were considered partially lead poisoned. Even worse, though, is that 25% of children in Flint, Michigan, are already considered partially lead poisoned as well. This is a major issue; for the first time in recorded human history, the average IQ has gone down. This may be linked to fluoride in toothpaste, water, and most dental offices. This, along with the other heavy metals. Though it sounds weird, it’s been in practice for so long that when we recently tested fluoride for negative impacts on health, people still ignored the studies.


This may be the most threatening one to our children, and we use it on them regularly and daily. Did you know fluoride is banned in many other first-world countries? This may not be the exact reason why IQ has lowered, but to say it hasn’t at least helped is simply untruthful or ignorant at best, and I say we shouldn’t ignore something that may harm our children and even our child’s children.


All this to say that when you test your water and when I test my water, I expect nothing less than almost fully pure water. When I conducted my experiment with my water that already goes through a filter, there was around 170 TDS. If you look at a water chart, it doesn’t appear that bad, but when you compare it to bottled water, it's not even close. My sample of bottled water had about 3 TDS compared to the 170 TDS in the tap. Simple math correlates and tells you that it's fifty-six times dirtier and more metal filled than the previously mentioned bottled water. That means for every cup of tap water, you could drink fifty-six cups of bottled water. I really want to emphasize that.


​I didn’t even mention the chemicals that go into the tap water, but believe me, this tap water should not be drunk unless you genuinely need to. I recommend buying a water tester if you need to drink the tap to check. I hope you’ve learned how important safe water is. Good day.

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